I agree that a large boil-like bump on a goldfish that often bursts with cheesy-like stuff inside is often fish tuberculosis. I also agree that it's basically not treatable. I believe that all my fish carry it. Fish can carry it without symptoms.
See what I've written here:
http://www.fishpondinfo.com/health2.htm#bacteriaAs it is highly contagious, your other goldfish would already be exposed if it's TB so I see no point in separating them.
I have a section on my site entitled, "What's that Lump on my Fish?" at
http://www.fishpondinfo.com/health4.htm#lump which gives some other possibilities for the problem other than dreaded fish tuberculosis.
When one must do a 100% water change, it is very important to add water conditioners and heavily aerate the water for at least an hour before putting fish back in. Tap and well water are usually very low in oxygen and high in compressed carbon dioxide. Not only does that mean the pH may be low until aerated (carbon dioxide in solution makes carbonic acid) but if the carbon dioxide comes out of solution inside the fish, they can get gas bubble disease (like the bends in human divers). Aeration should equilibrate the water and make it safer for the fish.