Source: fruit.
Actions: tonic, adaptogenic (restores the body's ability to heal itself), liver protector.
Therapeutic uses: liver problems such as hepatitis, stress, anxiety, insomnia, allergic skin conditions such as hives, recovery after surgery, aids athletic endurance, improves sexual function.
Typical preparation: berries can be chewed or made into infusion, tincture, decoction or capsules.
Contraindications: occasionally causes heartburn. Some studies suggest that epileptics and those with hypertension should avoid it or use it with great caution.